MORFOLOGI DAN KARAKTERISASI ISOLAT AKTINOBAKTERIA PADA
TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) DI KABUPATEN SOLOK
Sixsri Selviana1, Yulmira Yanti1, Yenny Liswarni1
Program Studi Proteksi Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia
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Diterima / Disetujui
ABSTRACT
Actinobacteria are a group of Gram-positive bacteria that are rod-shaped, facultatively anaerobic and have branched mycelia resembling a fungus. Actinobacteria are one of the largest bacterial phyla in colonized terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, can live in extreme environments, contain secondary metabolites that are useful for biotechnology and agriculture. Although actinobacteria are unicellular like bacteria in general, the walls of actinobacteria are different from ordinary bacteria, where actinobacteria have an uninsulated and slender mycelium. This study aims to determine the morphology and characterization of actinobacteria isolates on shallot plants. This study used a randomly selected method. Samples were taken in Solok district, 3 Nagari were selected from shallot plantations. Actinobacteria isolation as much as 1 gram of soil sample was put into a test tube containing 9 ml of sterile distilled water, homogenized with a vortex, then diluted to 10-7. The suspension from the 10 -6 and 10-7 dilutions was taken 1 ml and then put in a test tube that already contained each ISP2 medium, and the SCA media that had been thawed were then homogenized with a vortex. The suspension was put into a petri dish and incubated for 4x24 hours. The results showed that from the isolation results obtained 11 actinobacteria isolates with diverse morphology and characterization, this can be seen from the various forms and colors of actinobacteria. The morphology and characteristics of actinobacteria that have different spiral-shaped spore chains and some do not have spirals and the hyphae of actinobacteria vary.
Key words : Actinobacteria, shallots, characterization, morphology.
CHARACTERIZATION OF ROTTEN MUSHROOMS SALAK AFTER EXPOSURE OF
CLOVE ESSENTIAL OIL WITH DIFFERENT TIME INTERVALS
Ilham Rahmanda Putra1 , Yulmira Yanti2, Riska3
1Mahasiswa Proteksi Tanaman
2Dosen Proteksi Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas
3Peneliti Balai Penelitian Buah Tropika
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Diterima / Disetujui
ABSTRACT
Salak fruit has easily damaged and short-lived properties. Control of rotten diseases taper tip can use clove essential oil containing eugenol compounds are antifungi. Experiment experimentally with a complete randomized design (RAL) 6 treatment. Each treatment is repeated 5 times. Observations of rotten salak fruit obtained from traditional markets showed that the symptoms of the disease seen on the skin of the fruit in the form of a bunch of white and black mushroom mycelium caused by thielaviopsis paradoxa. The highest intensity of disease severity was in treatments B (12 hours) and E (72 hours) which was 63%. Then followed by treatment C (24 hours) which is 56%, treatment A (6 hours) as much as 53%, and treatment D (48 hours) as much as 50%.
Key words : Salak, Clove essential oil, Thielaviopsis paradoxa
ANTAGONIST TEST Trichoderma spp. ON THE GROWTH OF Sclerotium rolfsii
CAUSES OF ILES-ILES ROOT NECK ROT
Andini Widiastuti1, Yulmira Yanti1, Rita Harni2
1Program Studi Proteksi Tanaman, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia
2Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, Parungkuda-Sukabumi, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
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Diterima / Disetujui
ABSTRACT
Trichoderma spp. have been found and have various antagonistic abilities against plant pathogens. Trichoderma is one of the biological agents that can suppress the growth of plant pathogens by various mechanisms such as antibiosis, competition and parasitism. The aim of this study was to obtain in vitro Trichoderma isolates which were antagonistic to the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii which causes of Iles-iles root neck rot. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of LP1 (Trichoderma virens), LP2 (Trichoderma hamatum), LP3 (Trichoderma amazonicum), JB2 (Trichoderma atroviride), PRD (Trichoderma viride), and control treatments. The isolates of T. atroviride (79.58%) and T. hamatum (70.04%) were effective to inhibit the growth of S. rolfsii.
Key words : Antagonist, iles-iles, root neck rot, Sclerotium rolfsii, Trichoderma spp.
FORMULATION OF Bacillus toyonensis strain AGBE1.2.TL BASED ON ORGANIC
WASTE FOR CONTROL OF Colletotrichum capsici IN CHILLI
Mega Putri Tanjung1, Yulmira Yanti1*, Hasmiandy Hamid1, Nurbailis1, Zulfadhli Syarif2
1Program Studi Proteksi Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Andalas, Padang,
2Program Agronomi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia
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Diterima / Disetujui
ABSTRACT
Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum capsici is an important disease in chili that can reduce yield of 60- 100%. Utilization of Bacillus toyonensis strain AGBE1.2.TL in the formulation is an alternative control that is cheap and environmentally friendly. The aim of the study was to obtain the best organic waste-based formulation of Bacillus toyonensis strain AGBE1.2.TL for controlling Colletotrichum capsici and increasing chili growth. This research is experimental using RAL which consists of 12 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment consisted of a combination of carrier materials consisting of organic waste sugarcane bagasse, rice straw and bran, fungicides and controls. The introduction of each formula on the seeds and roots of chili seedlings aged 21 days by soaking for 15 minutes. Colletotrichum capsici was inoculated on chili 72 days old. The results showed that the best Bacillus toyonensis AGBE1.2.TL formula for controlling Colletotrichum capsici and increasing chili growth was the formula JP+AT, D+JP, and D+AT for 6 weeks storage.
Key words : chili, Colletorichum capsici, formulation, organic waste, viability
