GROWTH AND YIELD RESPONSES OF SOME SORGHUM (SORGHUM BICOLOR (L.) MOENCH)

VARIETIES TO DROUGHT STRESS

Wijaya M. Indriatama1, Aris Wibowo2, Sudirman2, Sihono1, Marina Y.

Maryono1, Soeranto Human1

1 Pusat Riset dan Teknologi Aplikasi Isotop dan Radiasi, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, (PRTAIR-BRIN),

Jl. Lebak Bulus Raya 49, Jakarta, 12440, Indonesia

2 Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Jl. K.H. Ahmad Dahlan, Ciputat, Tangerang Selatan,

Banten, 15419, Indonesia

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ABSTRACT

The tolerance of sorghum to drought stress is influenced by the growth phase. The critical phase for sorghum plants will be affeted to the growth and yield. The purpose of this study was to determine the response of growth and yield of some sorghum varieties to drought stress in the vegetative and generative phases. This research was conducted in January - June 2019 at the Green House of Plant Breeding Group, Research and Technology Center for Isotope and Radiation Application, National Research and Innovation Agency, South Jakarta. The method used in this research was factorial complete randomized block design with drought stress treatment as the first factor, while the sorghum varieties as the second factor. The results of this study indicated that the drought stress on the vegetative phase affected to the plant height, the number of leaves and reduced the weight of seeds. The drought stress on generative phase decreased the growth of stem diameter. The different used sorghum varieties induced variation on the growth of plant height, stem diameter, leaf chlorophyll, seed weight and weight of 100 seeds. Interactions between drought stress and varieties treatments occured on the % brix, panicle length, and panicle weight. Based on stress tolerant index value, Numbu variety are the most tolerant to drought condition.

Key words : drought, tolerant, index, vegetative, generative

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