CHARACTERIZATION OF ROTTEN MUSHROOMS SALAK AFTER EXPOSURE OF

CLOVE ESSENTIAL OIL WITH DIFFERENT TIME INTERVALS

Ilham Rahmanda Putra1 , Yulmira Yanti2, Riska3

1Mahasiswa Proteksi Tanaman

2Dosen Proteksi Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

3Peneliti Balai Penelitian Buah Tropika

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Diterima / Disetujui

ABSTRACT

Salak fruit has easily damaged and short-lived properties. Control of rotten diseases taper tip can use clove essential oil containing eugenol compounds are antifungi. Experiment experimentally with a complete randomized design (RAL) 6 treatment. Each treatment is repeated 5 times. Observations of rotten salak fruit obtained from traditional markets showed that the symptoms of the disease seen on the skin of the fruit in the form of a bunch of white and black mushroom mycelium caused by thielaviopsis paradoxa. The highest intensity of disease severity was in treatments B (12 hours) and E (72 hours) which was 63%. Then followed by treatment C (24 hours) which is 56%, treatment A (6 hours) as much as 53%, and treatment D (48 hours) as much as 50%.

Key words : Salak, Clove essential oil, Thielaviopsis paradoxa

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ANTAGONIST TEST Trichoderma spp. ON THE GROWTH OF Sclerotium rolfsii

CAUSES OF ILES-ILES ROOT NECK ROT

Andini Widiastuti1, Yulmira Yanti1, Rita Harni2

1Program Studi Proteksi Tanaman, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia

2Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, Parungkuda-Sukabumi, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

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ABSTRACT

Trichoderma spp. have been found and have various antagonistic abilities against plant pathogens. Trichoderma is one of the biological agents that can suppress the growth of plant pathogens by various mechanisms such as antibiosis, competition and parasitism. The aim of this study was to obtain in vitro Trichoderma isolates which were antagonistic to the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii which causes of Iles-iles root neck rot. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of LP1 (Trichoderma virens), LP2 (Trichoderma hamatum), LP3 (Trichoderma amazonicum), JB2 (Trichoderma atroviride), PRD (Trichoderma viride), and control treatments. The isolates of T. atroviride (79.58%) and T. hamatum (70.04%) were effective to inhibit the growth of S. rolfsii.

Key words : Antagonist, iles-iles, root neck rot, Sclerotium rolfsii, Trichoderma spp.

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FORMULATION OF Bacillus toyonensis strain AGBE1.2.TL BASED ON ORGANIC

WASTE FOR CONTROL OF Colletotrichum capsici IN CHILLI

Mega Putri Tanjung1, Yulmira Yanti1*, Hasmiandy Hamid1, Nurbailis1, Zulfadhli Syarif2

1Program Studi Proteksi Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Andalas, Padang,

2Program Agronomi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia

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ABSTRACT

Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum capsici is an important disease in chili that can reduce yield of 60- 100%. Utilization of Bacillus toyonensis strain AGBE1.2.TL in the formulation is an alternative control that is cheap and environmentally friendly. The aim of the study was to obtain the best organic waste-based formulation of Bacillus toyonensis strain AGBE1.2.TL for controlling Colletotrichum capsici and increasing chili growth. This research is experimental using RAL which consists of 12 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment consisted of a combination of carrier materials consisting of organic waste sugarcane bagasse, rice straw and bran, fungicides and controls. The introduction of each formula on the seeds and roots of chili seedlings aged 21 days by soaking for 15 minutes. Colletotrichum capsici was inoculated on chili 72 days old. The results showed that the best Bacillus toyonensis AGBE1.2.TL formula for controlling Colletotrichum capsici and increasing chili growth was the formula JP+AT, D+JP, and D+AT for 6 weeks storage.

Key words : chili, Colletorichum capsici, formulation, organic waste, viability

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CONSORTIA Bacillus spp. FOR CONTROL OF Sclerotium rolfsii IN CHILLI (Capsicum annuum L.)

Noveriza Hermeria1*,, Yulmira Yanti1Nurbailis1, Ujang Khairul1

1 Program Studi Proteksi Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas 25163

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Sclerotium rolfsii is a soil-borne pathogenic fungus on chili plants that can cause yield losses of up to 40-75%. The consortium of endophytic bacteria Bacillus spp as biological agents is a relatively inexpensive and environmentally friendly control method. The aim of this study was to obtain the best consortium of Bacillus spp. isolates for the control of Sclerotium rolfsii. This research is an experimental study using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments of the Bacillus spp consortium, namely Treatment A (AGBE 2.1 TL + SLBE 2.3 BB), Treatment B (AGBE 2.1 TL + SLBE 1.1 BB), Treatment C (SLBE 2.3 BB). +SLBE 1.1 BB), Treatment D (AGBE 2.1 TL+SLBE 1.1 BB+SLBE 2.3 BB), Positive control (plants without S. rolfsii inoculation and without introduction of Bacillus spp.), Negative control (plants inoculated with S. rolfsii without introduction of Bacillus spp. ), comparison control (with Mankozeb administration) with 6 replicates each. Each consortium of Bacillus spp. endophytic bacteria was introduced to chili seeds and seedlings. The results showed that almost all consortiums of endophytic bacteria Bacillus spp were able to suppress the development of Sclerotium rolfsii both in the nursery phase and in the field. The B. toyonensis AGBE 2.1 TL+ B. thuringiensis SLBE 2.3 BB consortium was the best consortium in suppressing the development of seedling fall and stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii.

Key words : stem rot, chili, consortium, seedling fall, Sclerotium rolfsii,

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