SELEKSI ISOLAT AKTINOBAKTERIA INDIGENUS UNTUK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT

LAYU BAKTERI DAN PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN TOMAT

Putri Anisa, Yulmira Yanti, Ujang Khairul

Program Studi Proteksi Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Andalas,

Padang, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia

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Diterima / Disetujui

ABSTRACT

Aktinobakteria merupakan salah satu kelompok bakteri Gram positif, dapat hidup disekitar tanah perakaran tanaman maupun secara endofit. Aktinobakteria berpotensi sebagai agens hayati dalam mengendalikan patogen penyebab penyakit pada tanaman dan mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan serta hasil tanaman. Tujuan penelitian untuk memperoleh isolat Aktinobakteria indigenus yang mampu menekan perkembangan penyakit layu bakteri dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan serta hasil tanaman tanaman tomat. Penelitian terdiri dari 3 tahap yaitu 1.) Isolasi Aktinobakteria indigenus 2.) Seleksi Aktinobakteria indigenus untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit tomat dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap 27 perlakuan 6 ulangan, 26 isolat Aktinobakteria, dan 1 kontrol 3.) Seleksi Aktinobakteria indigenus untuk pengendalian RSI pada tanaman tomat dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap 20 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan,17 isolat Aktinobakteria (hasil seleksi tahap II), 1 kontrol positif, 1 kontrol negatif, dan 1 bakterisida berbahan aktif streptomisin. Peubah yang diamati adalah pengamatan ciri morfologi, uji Gram, reaksi hipersensitif, uji patogenesitas, pertumbuhan tanaman dan perkembangan penyakit. Isolat Aktinobakteria AS22SN22, AS11SN21, AS12AP21, AS12SN21, AS12SN22, AS12AP22, AG22PL21, AG12MG11, AG12MG12, AG22BP11, AT21PS11, AT22PS12, AT11PR22, AG22BP12 merupakan isolat yang mampu menekan perkembangan penyakit layu bakteri. Isolat terbaik dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan pada fase pembibitan yaitu AT21PS11. Isolat Aktinobakteria yang terbaik dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan yaitu AG22PL21. Isolat terbaik dalam mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman tomat adalah isolat AS11SN21.

Key words : Aktinobakteria, indigenus, isolat, Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis, tomat

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ANALYSIS OF WATER STORAGE CAPACITY AT TARAKAN CITY WATERSHED,

NORTH KALIMANTAN

Sudirman Sirait1*, Suhani1, Dwi Santoso1

1Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Borneo Tarakan,

Kota Tarakan, Kalimantan Utara, Indonesia

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ABSTRACT

The changes of water storage capacity in a watershed determine the amount of water in the ground to meet the water needs, especially agricultural activities in the Tarakan City area. The Plants will encounter growth disorders and decreased productivity if they have a lack of water. This study aims to analyze changes in water storage capacity based on water balance and land conversion in the Tarakan City area for the period 2005-2020. The research stages consist of analysis of land conversion, water balance analysis and analysis of water storage capacity. The results showed that during the 2005-2020 period the use of forest land in the watershed area of Tarakan City decreased by 3.06%, namely 30.76% in 2005 and by 27.70% in 2020. The changes of forest area caused an increase in runoff value of 59 .46 mm and a decrease in groundwater recharge value of 15.21 mm. The value of water storage capacity in the Tarakan City area during the 2005-2020 period showed a decrease of 7.57 mm, namely 130.35 mm in 2005 and 122.78 mm in 2020.

Key words : Groundwater recharge, land use, runoff, water storage capacity, watershed.

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PRESERVATIVES (BENZOATE AND BORAX) ANALYSIS IN MEATBALL

USING UV-VIS SPECTROPHOTOMETER

Refilda1*, Y. W. Manihuruk1, Y. Yusuf1

1 Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Andalas,

Padang, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia

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ABSTRACT

Preservative is a food additive that is useful to prevent food spoilage by microorganisms. Meatballs are one of the most popular foods in the community. Some meatballs use preservatives in their processing. However, the use of synthetic preservatives such as benzoate and borax has a negative impact on health. This study was conducted to determine the content of borax and benzoate in meatballs sold by several meatball sellers and markets in Padang. Determination of borax and benzoate content was carried out using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The results showed that from 5 samples tested, 1 sample contained benzoate and 2 samples contained borax. The level of benzoate contained in the sample is 12.46 g/kg, this exceeds the standard set by BPOM No. 36 of 2013, where the maximum limit for the use of benzoate in food is 1 g/kg. The levels of borax contained in the 2 samples tested were 0.93 g/kg and 1.56 g/kg. Based on the results obtained, it turns out that there are still people who use borax in food processing.

Key words : Benzoate, borax, meatballs, UV-Vis Spectrophotometer

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POTENCY OF SAPINDACEAE COLLECTION FROM CIBODAS BOTANIC

GARDENS AS NATURAL DETERGENT

Risha Amilia Pratiwi1, Yati Nurlaeni2

1Kebun Raya Cibodas, Pusat Riset Konservasi Tumbuhan, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional.

Jalan Kebun Raya Cibodas, Sindanglaya, Cipanas, Cianjur, Jawa Barat, 43253

2Kebun Raya Cibodas, Pusat Riset Konservasi Tumbuhan, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional.

Jalan Kebun Raya Cibodas,Sindanglaya, Cipanas, Cianjur, Jawa Barat, 43253

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ABSTRACT

The advancement of public knowledge about the adverse effects of synthetic detergent on the environment causes a gradual changes in modern lifestyle. Public have awareness to use natural materials that have minimum risk in daily cleaning activities. Cibodas Botanic Gardens (CBG) is an ex situ conservation institution that have a role as a reservoir of plant biodiversity. CBG has various species of Sapindaceae collection, a family known produced saponins which can be used as natural detergent, as well as valueable fruit. However, research on the Sapindaceae collection of CBG is limited to its fruit potential. Therefore, this study aims to inventory the Sapindaceae collection of CBG and to find out their potency as natural detergent. Literature researches were carried out through digital national and international journal databases and repositories. Our results showed that CBG had 18 species of Sapindaceae. A total of 12 species contain saponins and have antimicrobial activity. There is no Sapindaceae in the CBG which classified as a threatened plant species. The most important part of this research is to build a reference on the potency of Sapindaceae as a natural detergent by considering the aspects of conservation and sustainable use.

Key words : Cibodas, collection, detergent, saponin, Sapindaceae

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